Iindidi ezimbini zeempazamo zohlobo olwahlukileyoiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiingahlawulwa ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo.
Iimpazamo zenkqubo zinemithetho ethile etshintshayo. Emva kokuchonga ubungakanani bazo kunye necala, zinokusonjululwa ngokulungisa okanye ukulungisa izixhobo. Kwiimpazamo zengozi, kubonakala ngathi akukho kuhambelana okubonakalayo. Nangona kunjalo, kusetyenziswa iindlela zezibalo zezibalo ukufumanisa ipateni ngokubanzi yeempazamo zokupakisha kwiqela leepakethe.
(1) Misela umda womgangatho we-AQL. Umenzi kunye nomsebenzisi bayathethana ukuze bamisele umda womgangatho wokwamkelwa baze bawubhale kwikhontrakthi yeenkcukacha zobugcisa okanye ye-odolo. Ngokomgaqo, imida yomgangatho wokwamkelwa ichazwe ngokwahlukeneyo ngokwendlela yokuhlelwa okungafanelekiyo. Umda womgangatho wokwamkelwa ochazwe kwiKlasi A umncinci kunomda womgangatho wokwamkelwa ochazwe kwiKlasi B, kwaye umda womgangatho wokwamkelwa ochazwe kwiKlasi C umkhulu kunomda womgangatho wokwamkelwa ochazwe kwiKlasi B. Ukongeza, singacinga ngokubeka kwakhona ezinye okanye izinto ezingafanelekiyo kudidi olunye, okanye singacinga ngokubeka kwakhona umda womgangatho wokwamkelwa phakathi kweendidi ezahlukeneyo. Imida yomgangatho wokwamkelwa ichazwa njengenani lokusilela kwiimveliso ezili-100 ezipakishiweyo. Umzekelo, imida yomgangatho wokwamkelwa kwiibhokisi ezibotshelelweyo zezi: 1.0 kwiKlasi A, 4.0 kwiKlasi B, kunye ne-6.5 kwiKlasi C.
(2) Misela isicwangciso sokuthatha iisampulu, oko kukuthi, ubungakanani besampulu kunye nenani lokwamkelwa kunye nokwaliwa ngokohlobo lwesicwangciso sokuthatha iisampulu. I-GB/T 2828.1-2003 ibonelela ngezicwangciso zokuthatha iisampulu eziqhelekileyo, ezingqongqo, nezikhululekileyo. Oku kwenzelwa ukuba ubungqongqo besicwangciso butshintshe ngexesha elifanelekileyo ngokweenguqu kumgangatho, kwaye isiphumo sokuthatha iisampulu esanelisayo sinokufezekiswa ngesampulu encinci. Itheyibhile 8-10 sisicwangciso sokuthatha iisampulu sokuhlolwa okuqhelekileyo ukuze kubhekiselwe kuso.
(3) Thatha iisampulu uze uzihlole.
(4) Qinisekisa ukuba uhlolo lwebhetshi nganye lufanelekile na okanye alufanelekile, kwaye wenze isicwangciso sokulahla emva kokuhlolwa. 2. Imizekelo yokuhlolwa
Ukuhlolwa kwemveliso ethile epakishwe kwiibhetshi zeengcezu ezili-10,000 kwenziwa ngokuhambelana ne-GB/T2828.1-2003 ethi “Isicwangciso sokuvavanya isampuli ngebhetshi esifunyenwe ngumda womgangatho wokwamkelwa (AQL)”, kwaye kwamkelwa inqanaba lokuhlola eliqhelekileyo II. Sebenzisa isicwangciso sokuvavanya isampuli esiqhelekileyo, kwaye ujonge ikhowudi yobungakanani besampuli ukusuka kwiTheyibhile 8-9 ukuya kwi-L; uze ujonge ubungakanani besampuli ukusuka kwiTheyibhile 8-10 ukuya kwi-200, kwaye ukhethe ngokungacwangciswanga iisampulu. Ngokweendidi ezintathu zokufumana imida yomgangatho: Udidi A ngu-1.0, Udidi B ngu-4.0, kunye noDidi C ngu-6.5. Kunokubonwa kwiTheyibhile 8-10 ukuba umqolo onekhowudi yobungakanani besampuli L kunye ne-AOL = 1.0, 4.0, 6.5 Kwindawo edibana kuyo iikholamu, funda [5,6], [14,15], [21,
Linani leemveliso ezingafunwayo kwiindidi ezintathu zeiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodi: A, D, kunye no-C.
Ukuba inani leemveliso ezineziphene kwisampulu likhulu okanye lilingana nenani leemveliso ezineziphene, alilingani nenani leemveliso ezineziphene. Umzekelo, ukuba iimveliso ezingama-2,000 zithathwe kumgca wemveliso ukuze zihlolwe, kwaye ukuba inani lifunyenwe li-5, ke le bhetshi yeemveliso zokupakisha ifunyaniswa ukuba ayifanelekanga.
Iimveliso ezi-3 bezingafanelekanga kuDidi A, iimveliso ezi-4 bezingafanelekanga kuDidi B, iimveliso ezi-2 bezingafanelekanga kuDidi A no-B, iimveliso ezi-3 bezingafanelekanga kuDidi B no-C, kunye nezi-5iibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiIimveliso bezingafanelekanga kuDidi C. Emva koko inani leemveliso ezingafanelekanga kuDidi A, uDidi B kunye noDidi C zingama-79 kunye nama-8 ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye inani lilonke leemveliso ezingafanelekanga ngama-24. Inani leemveliso ezingafanelekanga kudidi A, B, kunye no-C lingama-7, 7, kunye nama-5 ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye inani lilonke leemveliso ezingafanelekanga li-19.
Xa inani leemveliso ezingafanelekanga lifikelela kwinani lokwaliwa, ukuba le nqwaba yeemveliso ezipakishiweyo ziya kwaliwa na kufuna uhlalutyo oluneenkcukacha. Ngamanye amaxesha kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa indlela yokuvumelana, njengokwamkela kodwa ulumkise ukuba kufuneka amanyathelo okulungisa, okanye ukwala kodwa uvume ukuyifumana emva kokuhlelwa okanye ukucutshungulwa kwakhona.
Ukuphunyezwa kweiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiukuhlolwa komgangatho wokupakishwa
iibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiIimveliso ezipakishiweyo kufuneka zilawulwe umgangatho ngexesha lenkqubo yemveliso, kwaye oomatshini nezixhobo kufuneka zilungiswe ngokusekelwe kulwazi olufunyenweyo ukuze kugcinwe amaxabiso acacisiweyo omgangatho ngaphakathi kwemida efunekayo. Emva kokufumana iimveliso ezipakishiweyo, abasebenzisi kufuneka benze uhlolo lomgangatho ukuze babone ukuba bayayithobela na imiqathango yobugcisa bokwenziwa kwaye bajonge umonakalo ocacileyo ngexesha lokuthuthwa.
(1) Umxholo womsebenzi wokuhlola umgangatho Ukuhlolwa lilungelo elisisiseko labasebenzisi lokufumana iimveliso. Kungaba luhlolo olupheleleyo okanye uvavanyo lweesampuli. Umxholo osisiseko womsebenzi wokuhlola zezi: ① Yenza iinkcukacha zobugcisa zeiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiukupakisha iimveliso. ② Phuhlisa iikhrayitheriya zovavanyo. ③ Sebenzisa izixhobo zokuhlola ezithembekileyo kunye neendlela zokuhlola. ④Bhala idatha yokuhlolwa. ⑤ Beka phambili iingcebiso zokucubungula iziphumo zokuhlolwa. ⑥ Ngenisa idatha yokuhlolwa kunye neengcebiso kwicandelo lolawulo lomgangatho.
(2) Ukuphunyezwa ngokukodwa kokuhlolwa komgangatho
Ukuhlolwa komgangatho othile wezinto ezahlukeneyoiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiIimveliso zokupakisha zahlukile. Apha sithatha uvavanyo lomgangatho weebhotile zeglasi kunye neejagi, iibhokisi ezisongwayo, njl. njl. njengomzekelo. Ezinye iimveliso zingasetyenziswa njengesalathiso.
1. Iibhotile zeglasi kunye neejagi
(1) Iinkcukacha zobugcisa zeebhotile zeglasi kunye neejagi
①Imilo. Imilo esisiseko yeebhotile zeglasi kunye neengqayi ixhomekeke kakhulu kuhlobo kunye nobungakanani bezinto eziqulathwe kuzo. Nje ukuba imo yebhotile imiselwe, kufuneka kuzotywe umzobo osebenzayo ukubonisa inkangeleko yesikhongozeli. Ngokwesiqhelo imelwe ziimbono ezintathu, iimbono ezikhuliswe kancinci, kunye nemibono eyongezelelweyo enemilinganiselo emithathu. ②Ubungakanani. Ubukhulu obubalulekileyo beebhotile zeglasi kunye neengqayi kufuneka buqatshelwe kwimizobo yokusebenza, kunye nokunyamezela okunikiweyo, kunye nezinye izinto ezifana nomthamo okanye umthamo nazo kufuneka zifakwe. Ubukhulu kunye nokunyamezela kufuneka kuxoxiswane nomenzi kuba oomatshini bokwenza iibhotile bomenzi banobude obumiselweyo kunye nobubanzi, obuhlala buthintela imo kunye nobukhulu beebhotile kunye neengqayi. Oomatshini bokwenza iibhotile abasetyenziswa rhoqo ngokubanzi banciphisa ukuphakama kweebhotile kunye neengqayi ukuya kwi-25 ~ 300mm. Ububanzi beebhotile kunye neengqayi bunxulumene nenani leebhotile kunye neengqayi eziveliswa kwicandelo elinye lomatshini, kwaye ububanzi balo buphakathi kwe-12 kunye ne-150mm. ③Ukunyamezelana. Iibhotile zeglasi zichaphazeleka zizinto ezithile ngexesha lenkqubo yokubumba, nto leyo ebangela umahluko othile kwimo kunye nobukhulu. Ngoko ke, uluhlu olwamkelekileyo lokwahluka okanye ukunyamezelana kufuneka lunikwe ubungakanani beebhotile. Ukunyamezelana okuqhelekileyo kusebenza kumthamo (mL), ubunzima (kg), ukuphakama (mm) kunye nobubanzi (mm). Ukunyamezelana komthamo weebhotile ezincinci kunye neetini yi-15%, kwaye ukunyamezelana komthamo weebhotile ezinkulu kunye neetini kungaphantsi kwe-1%. Ukunyamezelana komthamo weebhotile ezahlukeneyo kunye neetini kuphakathi kwale mida mibini. Ukunyamezelana kobunzima kumalunga ne-5% yobunzima bebhotile obuchaziweyo, kwaye uluhlu lokwahluka kokuphakama luyi-0.5% ukuya kwi-0.8% yobude bubonke. Kwiibhotile ezinobubanzi obuncinci obuyi-25mm, ukunyamezelana kobubanzi yi-8%, kwiibhotile ezinobubanzi obuphezulu be-200mm, ukunyamezelana yi-1.5%, kwaye kwezinye iibhotile kunye neetini, ukunyamezelana kuphakathi kwale mida mibini.
2. Ibhokisi egoqekayo
②Umgca wokugoba. Imigca yokugoba kufuneka ifane kwaye ibe nobunzulu obuthile ukuze ibhokisi ikwazi ukwenza umphandle othe tye kunye nesimo esicacileyo sokugoba. Xa ibhokisi isongiwe kwaye ithambekele kwi-180°, ukuze kuncitshiswe imingxunya kumgca wokugoba, kufuneka kusetyenziswe imela yokugoba enamavili acacileyo ukugoba umgca, kwaye umsiki wokugoba webhokisi kufuneka ulungelelaniswe nombindi womgca wokugoba kumphezulu webhokisi. Zonke iikona ezisikiweyo kufuneka zicoceke kwaye zithe tyaba
Zonke iindawo ezifuna ukutsalwa kufuneka zicinezelwe kwangaphambili ukuqinisekisa imveliso eqhelekileyo kwiphakheji. ③Zithe tyaba. Iibhokisi mazibe zithe tyaba, zingabi nakuguquka okanye ukugoba, zahlulwe, okanye zincamathele kunye. ④Coca. Coca kwaye ucoce iibhokisi ngaphambi kokuzipakisha ukuze ususe uthuli kunye nenkunkuma eshiywe ngokusika iibhokisi phezu komphezulu weebhokisi.
⑤Ukuprinta. Ukuprinta kwibhokisi kufuneka kuhambelane nemigangatho yombala kwaye kuqinisekiswe ukuba imizobo kunye nombhalo zilungelelene kwaye zintle. ⑥Imigaqo yolawulo lokutya kunye neziyobisi.iibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiUkupakisha okusetyenziselwa ukuvelisa akufuneki kube nezinto ezifudukayo ezidlula imida ebekwe ziigunya zokutya kunye namayeza kunye namasebe angaphantsi kwazo.
I-Confetti.⑦Ukupakisha kunye nokuthengisa. Iibhokisi eziprintiweyo mazipakishwe ngokwemigaqo. Zingapakishwa kwiibhokisi ezirhabaxa zize zitywinwe ngeteyipu, okanye zingapakishwa kwiipallet zize zisongwe nge-stretch wrap okanye i-shrink wrap. Iyunithi nganye yokupakisha kufuneka ibonise umenzi, inani leebhokisi, uhlobo kunye nobukhulu beebhokisi, umhla wokwenziwa kunye nenombolo yebhetshi, njl.njl.
⑧Ukugcinwa, ukulayisha nokukhupha izinto. Iibhokisi kufuneka zigcinwe kwindawo ecocekileyo kubushushu begumbi obunomswakama ophakathi kwama-40% ukuya kuma-60%. Iibhokisi ezineebhokisi akufuneki zibekwe emacaleni azo, kwaye akufuneki zibekwe kufutshane nee-radiator okanye ezinye izinto zobushushu, okanye zibekwe apho zonakala lula khona. Kwimigangatho emanzi. Xa ukhupha iibhokisi, landela umgaqo othi “qala ungene, qala uphume” kwaye uvule ezininzi ozisebenzisayo.
(2) Uhlu lweebhokisi ezirhangqiweyo ezingafanelekanga
① Udidi A alufanelekanga. Luthintela ibhokisi ukuba ingabi neemveliso kwaye luthintela ukuprintwa nokuphawulwa kwibhokisi.
a. Amandla okuvula okanye amandla okujika kwebhokisi makhulu kakhulu.
b. Ubukhulu budlula ukunyamezelana okuchazwe kwimizobo yoyilo lwesakhiwo.
c. Ibhokisi yonakele, inemingxuma okanye imikrwelo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ipateni eprintiweyo ikrweleke okanye ifiphale.
d. Kukho impazamo kwimibala enye okanye emininzi eprintiweyo.
e. Imibala yokuprinta ayibhaliswanga, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ipateni ingacaci.
Udonga alulungelelananga kakuhle kwaye alunakwakheka, luzaliswe kwaye lutywinwe ngexeshaiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodi imveliso yokupakisha.
② Udidi B alufanelekanga. Ibhokisi ayisebenzi kangako okanye ibukeka ingekho semgangathweni.
a. Ipateni eprintiweyo inamabala okanye imikrwelo kumphezulu, iveza ikhadibhodi okanye ipeyinti efana netshokhwe.
b. Ukungafakwa ngokupheleleyo okanye ukungafakwa ngokwaneleyo kwenza kube nzima ukuba ibhokisi yenziwe kumgca wokuvelisa ukupakisha, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ukusebenza kakuhle kokupakisha kunciphe. c. Xa i-flap evala ngokuzenzakalelayo ivaliwe, isokhethi ayivulwa kakuhle d. Imingxunya evuleka lula ecaleni lebhokisi iyabhobozwa. Ayifanelekanga.
③Udidi C alufanelekanga. Luchaphazela kuphela inkangeleko kodwa aluchaphazeli ukusetyenziswa.
a. Umphezulu wokuprinta urhabaxa kwaye umgangatho wokupolisha awulunganga.
b. Umbala wokuprinta usemgangathweni kancinci.
Le mida yomgangatho wokufumana engachanekanga ingentla yile: Udidi A 0.4; Udidi B 1.0; Udidi C 2.5.
(3) Ukuhlolwa kwebhokisi Ulawulo lomgangatho olusebenzayo kunye nokuhlolwa kufuneka kwenziwe kumenzi webhokisi ukuqinisekisa ukuba iyahlangabezana neemfuno zobugcisa. Ukuba iqela lonke leempahla alihlangabezani neemfuno ngenxa yokusebenza kakubi kwebhokisi, isebe lolawulo lomgangatho lomenzi linelungelo lokucela ukuba lihlolwe kwakhona.
Kuluntu lwanamhlanje, nangona ukwenzaiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodi, abantu bamisele iingcamango zokukhuselwa kwendalo kunye nophuhliso oluzinzileyo.
Ukupakisha kufuneka kube neempawu ezinobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo ezingenangcoliseko kwaye kulula ukuziphatha. Indlela eqhelekileyo yophuhliso loqoqosho lwehlabathi yingcamango yophuhliso lwesayensi yophuhliso olujolise ebantwini, olupheleleyo, oludibeneyo noluzinzileyo. Kubalulekile ukuqinisekisa ukuba ukukhula koqoqosho kulungelelaniswe nabemi, izixhobo kunye nokusingqongileyo, kwaye kugxininiswe ngokulinganayo kuphuhliso loqoqosho kunye nokukhuselwa kokusingqongileyo. Ukukhula koqoqosho kufuneka kusekelwe kumandla okuthwala izixhobo kunye nokusingqongileyo, ngenjongo yokwakha uluntu olujolise kulondolozo nokusingqongileyo. Ingcamango entsha yabantu "yokupakisha okuzinzileyo" iye yasekwa. "Ukupakisha okuzinzileyo" kufuna ukuba kuphuculwe izixhobo kunye namandla ukuze kuqwalaselwe kuyilo lokupakisha, ukusebenza kokupakisha kunye neendleko ukuhlangabezana neemfuno ezisemgangathweni wemarike, kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuhlaziywa kwakhona kwiiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiiinkqubo zokupakisha, ezokuthutha kunye nezokusebenzisa kwakhona. Amandla, ukusetyenziswa okuphezulu kwezinto ezivuselelekayo neziphinda zisetyenziswe, ukusetyenziswa kwakhona okusebenzayo kakhulu, ukubonelela ngezinto eziluhlaza ezixabisekileyo kwiimveliso eziphinda zisetyenziswe, okuzuzisa abantu ngabanye kunye namaqela ngexeshaiibhokisi zecuba zekhadibhodiumjikelo wobomi bokupakisha, kunye nokuqinisekisa ukhuseleko nempilo. Iyahambelana nengcamango yoqoqosho olujikelezayo, oko kukuthi, ithatha ukusetyenziswa ngokufanelekileyo kunye nokurisayikilisha izixhobo njengesiseko sayo kwaye ithatha "ukusetyenziswa okuphantsi, ukukhutshwa okuphantsi, kunye nokusebenza kakuhle" njengeempawu zayo ezisisiseko. Yindlela eyahlukileyo "yemveliso enkulu, ukusetyenziswa okukhulu, kunye nenkunkuma enkulu". Utshintsho olusisiseko kwimodeli yendabuko yokukhula kwezixhobo. Ishishini lokupakisha kufuneka lizivumelanise neemfuno zophuhliso loqoqosho olujikelezayo. Ukupakisha kuqulethe inkcazo entsha, ebizwa ngokuba "kukupakisha okuluhlaza"
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-17-2024