Iicuba ziphantse zibe yenye yezona zinto zithethwa kakhulu ngabantu namhlanje. Abanye abantu bazijonga njengophawu lwentlalo, ngelixa abanye bezijonga njengendawo yokukhupha uxinezeleko. Kodwa nokuba bacinga ntoni na, abantu abaninzi banomdla wokwazi ukuba: Zaqalwa nini kanye kanye iicuba?
Enyanisweni, iicuba aziyomveliso "edalwe" ngexesha elithile, kodwa ziziphumo zokuguquka kancinci kancinci kwiminyaka engamawaka yokusetyenziswa kwecuba ngabantu.
Eli nqaku liza kucwangcisa ngokucwangcisiweyo imvelaphi kunye nophuhliso lwecuba ngokweembono ezahlukeneyo ezifana nexesha, ubuchule betekhnoloji, kunye nemvelaphi yentlalo.
AmaMerika Omthonyama kunye nokusetyenziswa kokuqala kwecuba
Icuba lalingasetyenziswa ekuqaleni ukonwabisa kodwa lalinokubaluleka konqulo, kwezonyango nakwisiko. Ubungqina bezinto zakudala bubonisa ukuba amaNdiya aseMelika aqala ukulima nokusebenzisa icuba malunga neminyaka engama-3000 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaYesu.
Ngelo xesha, icuba lalikho kakhulu kwezi ndlela zilandelayo:
- Songa icuba ngamagqabi ezityalo uze ulitshise (ngokufana necuba lokuqala)
- Ukutshaya ngepayipi
- Isetyenziswa kwimibhiyozo okanye kwimibhiyozo yonyango
Ezi ndlela zokuziphatha zamisela indlela yokuziphatha "yokuphefumla umsi", kodwa kwakusekho indlela ende ekufuneka ihanjwe ngaphambi kokuba ithathwe njengecuba ngokwengqiqo yanamhlanje.
Ukudibana kwecuba kwihlabathi liphela emva kweColumbus
Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-15, ngokuvulwa kweendlela ezintsha zaselwandle, icuba labuyiselwa eYurophu laza lasasazeka ngokukhawuleza ukuya kuthi ga:
- Speyin
- Photshugo
- Fransi
- iBritane
Ezona zidumileyo yayizisnuff neepipe, kungekhona iicuba.
Ukuvela kweecuba ezenziwe ngezandla
Ngenkulungwane ye-17, amajoni athile aseYurophu kunye namatiloshe baqalisa ukusonga icuba ngephepha baze balitshaye.
Olu luhlobo lwecuba oluqhelekileyo luthathwa njengohlobo lokuqala lwecuba, kodwa luseseyindlela yokusetyenziswa engasetyenziswanga kwiinkampani ezininzi.
Inguqulelo yezeMishini yatshintsha yonke into
Ukuba kufuneka kunikwe ixesha elicacileyo lokuveliswa kweecuba, ngoko ke ixesha elibalulekileyo phakathi ukuya ekupheleni kwenkulungwane ye-19.
Izizathu eziphambili ziquka:
Ishishini lephepha likhulile.
Ukulima icuba ngobuninzi
Inani labantu basezidolophini likhula ngokukhawuleza
Imfuno yokulungiswa kweempahla zabathengi iyanda
Impumelelo enkulu ekuphuhlisweni kwecuba
Ngo-1880, kwavela iteknoloji ebalulekileyo:
Umatshini wokuqengqa icuba ngokuzenzekelayo owaveliswa nguJames Bonsack.
Yintoni le nto yenziweyo?
Amakhulu eecuba anokuveliswa rhoqo ngomzuzu
Ixabiso lecuba lehle kakhulu
Iicuba zitshintshile ukusuka "kwimisebenzi yezandla" ukuya "kwizinto eziyimfuneko zemihla ngemihla"
Ukususela ngeli xesha, iicuba ngendlela yanamhlanje zazalwa ngokusesikweni.
Ulwalamano oludibanisayo phakathi kwemfazwe kunye neecuba
Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I kunye neMfazwe Yehlabathi II, icuba lalisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto zomkhosi.
Nciphisa uxinzelelo lwamajoni
Njengesixhobo sentlalo kunye nesokutshintshiselana
Khulisa isimilo
Emva kwemfazwe, inani elikhulu lamajoni labuyisela umkhwa wokutshaya kuluntu.
Intengiso, inkcubeko kunye nokwakha imifanekiso yamadoda
Kwisiqingatha sokuqala senkulungwane yama-20, iintengiso zecuba zazinefuthe elikhulu:
Ukunxulumanisa ukutshaya "nokuvuthwa", "impumelelo" kunye "nenkululeko"
Iinkwenkwezi zeemuvi zibonakala rhoqo kwikhamera zitshaya
Ukutshaya kwabasetyhini kuya kuba "kwifashoni" kancinci kancinci
Ezi zinto zidibene negalelo ekuthandweni kwecuba kwihlabathi liphela.
Iicuba azizozinto zabathengi kuphela kodwa zikwayimpawu zentlalo
Kwizigaba ezahlukeneyo zembali, iicuba zimele:
Izixhobo zonxibelelwano zonqulo
Umzamo wezonyango
Isimilo sentlalo
Inkumbulo yemfazwe
Amandla enkunzi yorhwebo
Ukuqonda imbali yokuyila icuba kusinceda sibone ngokucacileyo isizathu sokuba ibe nefuthe elikhulu kwinkcubeko yehlabathi kwixesha elifutshane.
Amaqokobhe enathi:
Iicuba azizange "ziqanjwe", kodwa ekugqibeleni zagqitywa kwinkulungwane ye-19 ngoncedo lweNguquko yezeMizi-mveliso ngexesha leminyaka eliwaka yokusetyenziswa kwecuba.
Ulwalamano oludibanisayo phakathi kwemfazwe kunye neecuba
Ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi I kunye neMfazwe Yehlabathi II, icuba lalisetyenziswa kakhulu kwizinto zomkhosi.
Nciphisa uxinzelelo lwamajoni
Njengesixhobo sentlalo kunye nesokutshintshiselana
Khulisa isimilo
Emva kwemfazwe, inani elikhulu lamajoni labuyisela umkhwa wokutshaya kuluntu.
Iicuba aziyonto intsha kodwa ziziphumo zokuguquka kwexesha elide
Ngokuthe ngqo:
❌ Iicuba azizange zenziwe ngequbuliso kunyaka omnye
✅ sisiphumo sokuqokelelwa kwexesha elide kweendlela zokusebenzisa icuba, izixhobo kunye nobuchwepheshe bemizi-mveliso.
Ukuba isiphelo sexesha kufuneka sishwankathelwe, sinokuqondwa ngolu hlobo:
Icuba lalingasetyenziswa ekuqaleni ukonwabisa kodwa lalinokubaluleka konqulo, kwezonyango nakwisiko. Ubungqina bezinto zakudala bubonisa ukuba amaNdiya aseMelika aqala ukulima nokusebenzisa icuba malunga neminyaka engama-3000 ngaphambi kokuzalwa kukaYesu.
Amakhulu eecuba anokuveliswa rhoqo ngomzuzu
Ixabiso lecuba lehle kakhulu
Iicuba zitshintshile ukusuka "kwimisebenzi yezandla" ukuya "kwizinto eziyimfuneko zemihla ngemihla"
Ukususela ngeli xesha, iicuba ngendlela yanamhlanje zazalwa ngokusesikweni.
Ixesha leposi: Jan-23-2026