Idatha yokungenisa nokuthumela izixhobo zokuprinta zaseTshayina

1.Ngokwembono yokukhula koqoqosho ngenxaiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

I-GDP yaseTshayina iza kudlula i-126 trillion yuan ngo-2023, kunye nesantya sokukhula seepesenti ezingama-2.2 ngokukhawuleza kuneso sika-2022. Ukujonga ikota, kubonise ukuthambekela okuphantsi, okuphakathi nokuphezulu, nokuzinzileyo emva kokuphela, kwaye ukuthambekela okuhle kwaqiniswa ngakumbi. Ukubalwa ngamaxabiso afanayo, ukukhula koqoqosho ngo-2023 kuza kudlula i-6 trillion yuan, okulingana nemveliso yonyaka yoqoqosho yelizwe eliphakathi. I-GDP yomntu ngamnye iya kukhuphuka ngokuthe chu, ifikelele kwi-89,000 yuan ngo-2023, ukunyuka kwe-5.4% kunonyaka ophelileyo. of iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifisoNgokuphathelele amaxabiso, amaxabiso ngokubanzi agcine ukukhula okuphakathi, apho i-CPI inyuka nge-0.2% kwaye i-CPI ephambili inyuka nge-0.7% unyaka wonke.

2.Iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifisoidatha eqokelelwe ngamasiko

Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kurhwebo ngokubanzi bekuyi-2.2 trillion yeedola zaseMelika, kwehle nge-2.9% unyaka nonyaka, kwaye ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe bekuyi-1.7 trillion yeedola zaseMelika, kwehle nge-4% unyaka nonyaka. Ngokwembono yebhalansi yeentlawulo zamazwe ngamazwe, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweempahla kunyuke nge-0.6%, kwaye imali egciniweyo yotshintshiselwano lwangaphandle ekupheleni konyaka idlule kwi-3.2 trillion yeedola zaseMelika. ngenxaiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.

Idatha yokungenisa nokuthumela izixhobo zokuprinta nezangaphandle eTshayina.iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

1. Izixhobo zokuprinta

(1) ucinezelo lwe-offset

1) Ushicilelo lwe-intanethi olusebenzisa i-offset

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iTshayina ithumele ngaphandle ii-offset press ezili-121 ezithengiswa kwi-intanethi ezinexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezili-19.57 lezigidi, zehle ngama-25% ngonyaka. Iiyunithi ezisi-8 zithunyelwe eSpain, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezizizigidi ezi-2.7; Ukuthumela ngaphandle iiyunithi ezingama-27 eVietnam, isixa seedola ezizizigidi ezi-2.42; Iiyunithi ezisi-7 zithunyelwe e-Itali, isixa seedola ezizizigidi ezi-2.31; Ukuthumela ngaphandle eTurkey iiyunithi ezili-11, isixa seedola ezizizigidi ezi-1.94; Iiyunithi ezi-5 zithunyelwe eRashiya, isixa seedola ezizizigidi ezi-1.89; Ukuthumela ngaphandle iiyunithi ezili-10 e-Indonesia, isixa seedola ezizizigidi ezi-1.75.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2022, oomatshini bokushicilela be-web offset abali-139 bathunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, ixabiso labo lifikelela kwizigidi ezingama-27.14 zeerandi zaseMelika. Phakathi kwabo, iiyunithi ezingama-27 zathunyelwa e-Itali. iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezizizigidi eziyi-8.39; Ukuthumela ngaphandle eTurkey iiyunithi ezingama-25, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezizizigidi eziyi-4.96; Ukuthumela ngaphandle iiyunithi ezili-10 eSpain, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezizizigidi eziyi-3.36.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, kwangeniswa oomatshini bokushicilela bewebhu abangama-80 (kuquka oomatshini bokushicilela berotary kunye nezinye izinto zorhwebo), isixa semali esiyi-US $31.82 yezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-114% ngonyaka. Iiyunithi ezingama-58 ezivela eJapan, ezixabisa i-$15.4 yezigidi; Iiyunithi ezili-11 ezingeniswe eJamani, isixa semali eyi-13.87 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika (kuquka iyunithi e-1 engeniswe eJamani ukuya eTianjin ngoJulayi ka-2023, isixa semali esifikelela kwi-10.81 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika); Iiyunithi ezisi-7 ezivela eFransi nge-$2.28 yezigidi. IJapan neJamani xa zizonke zenze i-92% yenani lilonke lokungeniswa.

2) Umatshini wokushicilela we-offset ofakwe amaphepha (ngaphandle komatshini wokushicilela we-monochrome offset)

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, kuthunyelwe ii-offset press eziyi-1,149, ezixabisa i-$160 yezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-38%. Phakathi kwazo, iiyunithi ezingama-556 zithunyelwe eIndiya, isixa se-$20.9 yezigidi; iiyunithi ezingama-87 zithunyelwe eVietnam, isixa se-$18.12 yezigidi; Ukuthunyelwa eJapan iiyunithi ezili-12, isixa se-$14.54 yezigidi; iiyunithi ezingama-58 zithunyelwe eMelika, isixa se-$11.91 yezigidi.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2022, oomatshini bokushicilela abangama-544 abafakwe amaphepha bathunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, bexabisa i-$120 yezigidi. Phakathi kwabo, ukuthunyelwa kweeyunithi ezingama-36 eMelika, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezili-18.15 yezigidi, isixa sibekwe kwindawo yokuqala.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iiyunithi ezingama-877 zingeniswe ngexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezingama-620 ezigidi. Phakathi kwazo, ukungeniswa okuvela eJamani bekuziidola zaseMelika ezingama-460 ezigidi, nto leyo ethetha malunga ne-3/4 yesixa-mali sipheleleyo sokungeniswa; i-$150 yezigidi kwiimpahla ezivela eJapan.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2022, kungeniswe oomatshini bokushicilela abangama-961 abafakwe amaphepha abanexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezingama-600 ezigidi, apho abangama-677 bangeniswe bevela eJamani abanexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezingama-430 ezigidi; iiyunithi ezingama-282 ezingeniswe eJapan, ezinexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezili-170 ezigidi.

(2) Umatshini wokuprinta weFlexographic

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, kuthengwe oomatshini bokuprinta be-flexographic abangama-38, abaxabisa i-17.8 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika. ngenxaiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso, ukwehla konyaka nge-42%. Phakathi kwazo, oomatshini bokuprinta be-flexographic aba-5 bangeniswe eJamani, isixa semali esiyi-$12.39 yezigidi, esibalelwa kwi-70% yesixa semali iyonke yokungenisa; iiyunithi ezi-7 ezivela e-Itali nge-$3.67 yezigidi; iyunithi e-1 engeniswe eJapan, isixa semali esiyi-$1.03 yezigidi; enye evela eSwitzerland nge-$490,000.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, oomatshini bokuprinta be-flexographic abali-142 bathunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, abanexabiso le-116 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, ukonyuka kwe-16% ngonyaka. Indawo ebiza kakhulu yokuthumela ngaphandle yayiyiRashiya, iiyunithi ezili-118, ezinexabiso le-26.32 yezigidi zeedola; Kulandele iiyunithi ezili-114 eVietnam ezine-8.76 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika; iiyunithi ezili-131 eSaudi Arabia ezine-7.33 yezigidi zeedola; ezili-10 ezivela e-Itali ezine-5.55 yezigidi zeedola.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2022, oomatshini bokuprinta be-flexo abangama-2,236 bathunyelwe kwamanye amazwe ngexabiso le-$100 yezigidi. Phakathi kwabo, ixabiso lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe laseVietnam lelona liphezulu, iiyunithi ezingama-524, i-16.11 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika; Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe iiyunithi ezili-195 eIndiya, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezizizigidi eziyi-7.58; iiyunithi ezingama-70 zathunyelwa eRashiya nge-7.34 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika.

(3) umatshini wokushicilela wegravure

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba 2023, ukuprintwa kwegravure engama-31iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifisooomatshini bangeniswe, ngexabiso le-10.91 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika, ukwehla konyaka nge-55%. Imithombo emikhulu yokungeniswa yayiyiJapan, iSouth Korea neSwitzerland. Phakathi kwazo, iiyunithi ezi-4 zingeniswe zivela eJapan ngexabiso le-3.15 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika; iiyunithi ezi-5 ezivela eMzantsi Korea nge-$2.98 yezigidi zeerandi; iiyunithi ezintathu ezivela eSwitzerland nge-$2.28 yezigidi zeerandi.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, oomatshini bokuprinta igravure abayi-1,278 bathunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, abaxabisa i-$61.72 yezigidi, behle nge-6% ngonyaka. Phakathi kwabo, iiyunithi ezingama-303 zithunyelwe eVietnam, ezixabisa i-$12.97 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika; iiyunithi ezingama-76 zithunyelwe eIndiya, ezixabisa i-$8.32 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika; iiyunithi ezingama-52 zithunyelwe eThailand, ezixabisa i-$6.32 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika; Ukuthumela iiyunithi ezingama-45 eIndonesia, ezixabisa i-$4.45 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika; Ukuthumela iiyunithi ezili-15 eJapan, ezixabisa i-$3.06 yezigidi.

2. Izixhobo zokuprinta. Malungaiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

(1) Izinto zepleyiti

1) Inguqulelo yePhotoshop

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwe-PS version 34.2 yezigidi m2, isixa se-100 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika, isixa sehle ngama-25% unyaka nonyaka. Phakathi kwazo, inani leempahla ezithunyelwa eMzantsi Korea lelona likhulu, li-9.6 yezigidi m2, kwaye isixa sikwaphezulu, kwi-25.79 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika. Bangladesh,iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso I-India neTurkey zezona zithumela impahla kwamanye amazwe ezininzi.
• Kwangelo xesha linye lowama-2022, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-45.9 yezigidi zeerandi, isixa se-140 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika.
• Xa kuthelekiswa nokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe, inani kunye nobungakanani bezinto ezingeniswayo zenguqulelo ye-PS zincinci.

2) Inguqulelo ye-CTP

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwe-CTP version 186 yezigidi m2, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezingama-580 ezigidi. Phakathi kwazo, ixabiso lokuthunyelwa kweNetherlands lelona liphezulu, li-84.11 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, li-20 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika; Kulandelwa yiSouth Korea, li-20.32 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, li-59.65 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika; iIndiya li-12.79 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, li-38.68 yezigidi zeedola; iTurkey li-9.57 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, li-28.38 yezigidi zeedola.
• Xa kuthelekiswa nokuthunyelwa kwenguqulo ye-CTP, ubungakanani bokungenisa kunye nobungakanani benguqulelo ye-CTP zincinci.

3) Ipleyiti yokushicilela eguquguqukayo

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukungeniswa kwepleyiti yokushicilela eguquguqukayo yi-629,000 m2, isixa semali eyi-31.78 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika. I-Flexo ingenisa ikakhulu kumazwe aphuhlileyo. Amazwe aphambili okungenisa impahla yiJamani neJapan, kunye nomthamo wokungenisa impahla odibeneyo we-456,000 m2, obangela i-73% yomthamo wokungenisa impahla iyonke. kunyeiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kweepleyiti zokushicilela eziguquguqukayo ezingama-656,000 m2, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezingama-23.9 ezigidi. Ngokuphathelele ubungakanani kunye nesixa, ilizwe elikhulu elithunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yiRashiya, i-160,000 m2, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezingama-5.49 ezigidi; Kwalandela iVietnam, iIndiya, iBelgium kunye neIndonesia.

(2) i-inki

1) I-inki emnyama yokushicilela

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iitoni ezili-1633 zeinki emnyama zingenisiwe, kunye nesixa seedola zaseMelika ezingama-51.57 ezigidi. Phakathi kwazo, isixa esikhulu seedola zaseJapan, ezingama-621t, isixa seedola zaseMelika ezingama-21.41 ezigidi, ezimalunga nama-38% eetoni zizonke ezingenisiweyo; Kwalandela i-United Kingdom, iSingapore, iSouth Korea, iJamani, iFrance kunye ne-United States.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-inki emnyama kufikelele kwiitoni ezingama-3731, isixa semali esizizigidi ezili-17.47 zeerandi zaseMelika. Phakathi kwazo, iRashiya ineyona ininzi, i-412t, isixa semali esizizigidi ezingama-2.79 zeerandi; ilandelwe yi-Indonesia ene-393t kwi-1.78 yezigidi zeerandi.

2) Ezinye ii-inki zokuprinta iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, kwangeniswa iitoni ezingama-6377 zezinye ii-inki zokuprinta, ezifikelela kwi-$210 yezigidi. Elona lizwe likhulu elifumana ukungeniswa yiJapan, i-1610t, ebalelwa kwi-1/4 yexabiso lilonke leedola zaseMelika, eliyi-72.9 yezigidi zeedola, elibalelwa kwi-1/3 yexabiso lilonke leedola zaseMelika. I-119t yangeniswa eSwitzerland ngexabiso le-$31.11 yezigidi, ibekwe kwindawo yesibini ngokwexabiso. Ukungeniswa okuvela eMzantsi Korea kufikelele kwiitoni ezingama-943 kunye ne-23.14 yezigidi zeedola, ibekwe kwindawo yesithathu.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, inani leemveliso ezingeniswayo lehle nge-775t xa kuthelekiswa nexesha elifanayo kunyaka ophelileyo, kodwa isixa senyuke nge-7.48 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-inki yokushicilela kufikelele kwiitoni ezingama-32,000, iidola zaseMelika ezizigidi ezili-150, apho, ukusuka kwinani lee-idola zaseMelika ezithunyelwa eRashiya, zizigidi ezili-19.2 zeedola zaseMelika, iitoni ezingama-2246; Kulandele iVietnam, i-$16.27 yezigidi, ii-4,131T; iIndonesia i-$11.85 yezigidi, iitoni ezingama-2738.

(3) I-inki ye-inkjet esekwe emanzini

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, i-inki ye-inkjet esekwe emanzini engama-37,000 t ithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, kunye nesixa seedola zaseMelika ezingama-260 ezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-9% ngonyaka. Eyona marike inkulu ngokwexabiso lokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe yiIndiya, i-6222t, i-30.92 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika; iPakistan, inombolo yesi-2, i-4393t, i-24.26 yezigidi zeedola; Kwindawo yesithathu yiIndonesia, i-2247t, i-17.35 yezigidi zeedola; iUnited States yesine, i-1146t, i-14.59 yezigidi zeedola; iThailand yesihlanu, i-1650t, i-14.36 yezigidi zeedola.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, i-5400t ye-inki ye-inkjet esekwe emanzini yangeniswa, enexabiso elifikelela kwi-130 yezigidi zeerandi. Phakathi kwazo, eyona inkulu ingeniswe eMalaysia, i-1815t, i-63.36 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika, nto leyo eyenza isiqingatha semali iyonke engeniswe; Yalandelwa yiJapan ngeetoni ezili-1398 kunye ne-29.71 yezigidi zeerandi.

Inyathelo lesi-3 Printa iibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso

(1) Ezinye iincwadi, iincwadana kunye nezinto ezifanayo ezishicilelweyo

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwezinye iincwadi, iincwadana kunye nezinto ezifanayo ezishicilelweyo zifikelele kwiitoni ezingama-351,000, isixa seedola zaseMelika eziyi-1.02 yezigidigidi, isixa sehle nge-13% unyaka nonyaka. Phakathi kwazo, isixa sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe eMelika sesona siphezulu, sifikelela kwi-460 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, i-15.7t, isixa kunye nesixa sibandakanya i-45% yesixa siphela sokuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kunye nesixa siphela.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iitoni ezili-14,700 zezinye iincwadi, iincwadana kunye nezinto ezifanayo ezishicilelweyo zingenisiwe, ezifikelela kwi-300 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, zehle nge-9% ngonyaka. Phakathi kwazo, inani eliphezulu leempahla ezingeniswe zivela e-United Kingdom, zizigidi ezingama-55.82 zeedola zaseMelika, i-2118t.

(2) Iintengiso zorhwebo, iikhathalogu kunye nezinye izinto ezishicilelweyo ezingenaxabiso zorhwebo

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iitoni ezingama-40,000 zeentengiso zorhwebo, iikhathalogu zeempahla kunye nezinye izinto eziprintiweyo ezingenaxabiso lorhwebo zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, ezinexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezingama-330 ezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-3.7% unyaka nonyaka. Indawo ephezulu yokuthumela ngaphandle yi-United States, i-$50.71 yezigidi, i-6886t; iVietnam yesibini, i-$38.66 yezigidi, i-4,403 t.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba 2023, iitoni ezingama-2,066 zeentengiso zorhwebo, iikhathalogu zeempahla kunye nezinye izinto eziprintiweyoiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifisongaphandle kwexabiso lorhwebo zingeniswe, ezinexabiso leedola zaseMelika ezingama-25.85 ezigidi, zehle nge-13% unyaka nonyaka.

(3) Ezinye izinto ezishicilelweyo ephepheni

• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iitoni ezingama-49,000 zezinye izinto eziprintiweyo zephepha zithunyelwe kwamanye amazwe, isixa semali esiyi-US $290 yezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-22% ngonyaka. Indawo enkulu yokuthumela ngaphandle yiJapan, iitoni ezingama-48.46 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, kodwa ubunzima buncinci, ziitoni ezingama-760 kuphela; Ilandelwa yi-United States, iitoni ezingama-47.16 yezigidi zeedola, iitoni ezingama-9,648; eyesithathu yiVietnam, iitoni ezingama-36.35 yezigidi zeedola, iitoni ezili-13,000.
• Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, iitoni ezingama-2,890 zezinye izinto eziprintiweyo ephepheni elingeniswe kwamanye amazwe zazixabisa i-$180 yezigidi, zehle nge-4.6% ngonyaka. Phakathi kwazo, inani eliphezulu lezinto ezingeniswe kwamanye amazwe ezivela eMelika, iidola zaseMelika ezingama-35.9 ezigidi, iitoni ezingama-451; iidola zaseMelika ezingama-28.38 ezigidi ezivela eSingapore; Ezingeniswe eJamani ezingama-18.93 ezigidi, iitoni ezingama-32.

uphononongo malunga nesikoiibhokisi zecuba

1. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba 2023, ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle izixhobo zokuprinta

(1) I-web offset press engeniswe kwamanye amazwe ixabisa i-3.18 yezigidi zeerandi zaseMelika, ukonyuka kwe-114%, izinga lokukhula likhulu; Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwe-web offset presses kwehle nge-28% kwangelo xesha linye.

Ukuthunyelwa kwamanye amazwe kwee-sheeted offset presses (ngaphandle kwee-monochrome offset presses) kufikelele kwi-US $160 yezigidi, ukonyuka kwe-38%. Ii-sheet-fed offset presses (ngaphandle kwee-monochrome offset presses) ziqhubekile nokungenisa isixa esikhulu se-US $620 yezigidi. Phakathi kwazo, ukungeniswa okuvela eJamani bekuyi-460 yezigidi zeedola zaseMelika, oku kuthetha malunga ne-3/4 yesixa sipheleleyo sokungeniswa; i-$150 yezigidi kwiimpahla ezivela eJapan.

(2) Inani leemveliso zokushicilela zegravure ezingeniswa kwamanye amazwe lehle ngama-55%, laza lehla kakhulu.

2. Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba 2023, ukungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle izixhobo zokuprinta

(1) Isixa sokuthumela ngaphandle inguqulelo yePS sehle ngama-25% unyaka nonyaka.

(2) I-flexo engeniswayo ikakhulu ivela kumazwe aphuhlileyo. Amazwe aphambili athumela impahla evela kwamanye amazwe yiJamani neJapan, kunye nomthamo wokungenisa impahla odibeneyo oyi-456,000 m2, obangela i-73% yomthamo wonke wokungenisa impahla. ngenxaiibhokisi zecuba ezenziwe ngokwezifiso.

(3) Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuthumela ngaphandle le-inki emnyama yi-$4,700 /t, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokungenisa liyi-$32,000 /t. Ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokuthumela ngaphandle lezinye ii-inki zokuprinta yi-$4,700 /t, kwaye ixabiso eliqhelekileyo lokungenisa liyi-$33,000 /t. Amaxabiso okungenisa angaphezulu ngokuphindwe kasixhenxe kunamaxabiso okuthumela ngaphandle.

Ukususela ngoJanuwari ukuya kuDisemba ka-2023, ngokwezibalo zokungenisa nokuthumela ngaphandle izinto eziprintiweyo, i-United States yenye yeemarike eziphambili zokuthumela ngaphandle izinto eziprintiweyo.